History of ISRO:Indian space research organisation

 

•  "Science is that the search of Truth." Since humanity came into existence, we allhave been looking up at the sky. checking out what's above & beyond, searchingfor the reality. 
• an extended time ago in India, alittle group ofscientist humbly began their search beyond the sky, carrying parts of rockets in bi-cyclesand also using bullock carts for space experiments. 

• Who would have thought in only a couple of decades,this small start-up will make history. "24 September 2014"India shocked the planet as India's satellite Mangalyaan, after travelling for 10 monthsin space, entered Mars orbit. 
• Thus becoming, the primary country to reachMars on its maiden attempt, while Russia had to face 9 failed missions before reachingMars.
•  Now the planet knows this Indian space agencyas, Indian Space Research organisation or ISRO. to know the journey of ISRO, let's turnback time. 1957, launch of the primary satellite Sputnik1 by the USSR, inspired the planet towards space.
•  subsequent year, America launched Explorer 1and in 1962 the primary British & Canadian Satellites were also launched.

•  an equivalent year, in between this nascent satelliterace & the continued India-China conflict, the Indian National Committee for Space Research(INCOSPAR) was found out, which later became ISRO, with a motive to Harness space technologyfor national development. 
• At that point, alittle fishing village in Kerala,was selected as a perfect location for INCOSPAR experiments. because it was located on Earth’s aclinic line. But there was a drag, within this area,stood an outsized church. 
• The church of Mary Magdalene. Vikram Sarabhai the chairman of INCOSPAR,along with a young scientist APJ Abdul Kalam, attended the Sunday mass therein church.

•  At that point the bishop told everyone thatscientist also do the work of God for human prosperity and he went on to ask the followers,do they need to offer up their church for science? There was silence then everyone replied'Amen'.
•  this is often how a church became ISRO's first workplace,and because of this gesture by the villagers, two new churches & a faculty were built forthem, in but 100 days. 
• Later in 1963, the launch of the primary soundingrocket marked the start of the Indian Space Programme. subsequent year in 1964, US demonstrated thepower of satellites by the live transmission of Tokyo Olympic Games across the pacific. 

• But at that point India's satellite programwas almost non-existent. It took 11 years, when ISRO's first indiansatellite, Aryabhata was launched by the Soviet Union. 
• Four years later in 1979, India's first experimentalSatellite Launch Vehicle, SLV-3, took off but only 317 seconds later the vehicle crashedinto the Bay of Bengal. All scientist were shattered.
•  But subsequent year, SLV-3 launch was successfuland Rohini satellite became the primary satellite successfully launched by India. Both these launches were headed by India'sformer president APJ Abdul Kalam. 

• Now, India has come an extended way and has oneof the most important operational remote sensing satellites within the world. 
• Not only that, India also hold's record oflaunching 104 satellite during a single rocket, massively beating the previous record of 37satellites held by Russia. 
• Now, ISRO through its commercial entity, AntrixCorporation, has launched over 300 satellites for 33 countries. So without further delay, let's start ournever before seen journey to witness ISRO's Business & Space Empire.

•  Our first stop is North America and that we willreach the picturesque Canada. ISRO has till date launched 13 satellitesof Canada, which incorporates satellites for communications, managing marine transportation and therefore the world'sfirst space telescope for asteroids, NEOSSat.
•  Moving to US, we'll reach Washington DC,headquarters of NASA. Which is that the world's richest space agencyhaving over 12 times more annual budget than ISRO. NASA & ISRO have a history of space cooperation. 
• the primary Nike-Apache rocket launched in Indiawas supplied by NASA. Moreover, in 1970s ISRO and NASA conducteda joint Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE), that beamed informationaltelevision programs to quite 2400 villages across India through NASA's satellite. 

• Arthur Clarke, the author of the long-lasting 2001:A Space Odyssey, called SITE as “The greatest communication experiment in history”.
•  SITE programmes included shows like KrishiDarshan, which was also initiated by Vikram Sarabhai and is now the longest-running televisionshow within the world.
•  Moreover, NASA & ISRO have also been jointlyinvolved within the discovery of water molecules on the moon surface and are now jointly buildingthe world's costliest Earth-imaging satellite, NISAR, to know the occurrence of earthquakes& other natural disasters. 

• Not only that, ISRO has also launched over230 American satellite into orbit. From US let's visit South America andreach Guiana Space Centre. this is often special place for ISRO. 
• From here, around 20 ISRO satellites havebeen launched, including India's first indigenous communication satellite, APPLE.
•  Moving to the remainder of South America, ISROhas launched the primary satellite inbuilt Chile, the second Colombian satellite andalso a nanosatellite built by university in Argentina.

•  From here lets visit Africa and reachAlgeria. ISRO has launched multiple agricultural anddisaster monitoring satellites for Algeria. 
• Moreover, ISRO also holds mission trackingground station in Mauritius and is additionally planning another tracking station within the island nationof Sao Tome and Príncipe. Now let's visit Europe and reach France.
•  The study of the tropical atmosphere in 2011and studying of ocean in 2013 were a number of the mission ISRO and CNES of France had jointlyundertaken. Moreover, there also are plans for anotherjoint earth observation mission called TRISHNA. 

• ISRO has till date launched 3 French Satellites,including a nano-satellite for researching the earth Beta Pictoris b. Furthermore, Russia & ISRO have had a longassociation including, India's first Satellite launch, Aryabhata launched by Russia for free of charge,a joint students satellite YOUTHSAT and also the long-lasting Indo-Soviet manned space mission,when Rakesh Sharma, became the primary Indian to visit space. 
• Moreover, the astronauts for India’s firstmanned space mission also will be trained in Russia. 
• altogether ISRO has launched satellites for over15 European countries, including over 10 satellites for UK & Germany, 5 satellites for Italy andhas also launched the primary Austrian satellite, Finland's first educational satellite, andalso a Belgian satellite, PROBA, which has become ESA's longest operated Earth observationmission. 

• Now its time to visit Asia. ISRO has launched multiple satellites forSingapore, South Korea, Israel, Japan and Indonesia. Moreover, ISRO also holds a joint missiontracking station at Indonesia and Brunei. 
• Moreover for South Asia, ISRO has launcheda SAARC Satellite, a present from India to all or any its neighbouring SAARC countries. Now after our world tour finally, its timeto reach India. 
• Here, ISRO centres are located in over 15locations, which include Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre at Thumba and Satish Dhawan Space Centreat Sriharikota. 

• Over the year, ISRO has been a serious catalystfor the expansion of television in India. ISRO operates one among the most important domesticcommunication satellite systems within the Asia-Pacific region, which relay 33 Doordarshan TV channelsand also DTH like TATA sky. 
• Moreover, ISRO satellites also are used inthe multiple fields including agriculture, water management, land planning and also disastermanagement. Furthermore, ISRO satellites also providenavigation assistance to aircrafts and ISRO has also developed a Regional Navigation system,NavIC.

•  In 1999, during the Kargil war, India hadapproached US to urge GPS data of Kargil region, but that request was denied. This made India realize importance of Navigationsystem, and thus after 2 decades of diligence by ISRO, NavIc came into existence. 
• Now NavIC at India level is estimated to bemore accurate than GPS, and thus multiple phones are being launched in India, that willbe using NavIC. 
• Moreover ISRO was also involved in MissionShakti, a joint mission to successfully test anti-satellite weapon and has also successfullytested the sport changer rocket, the Reusable Launch Vehicle. 

• we've discussed tons about space, now let'stravel to space. For our space mission we'll use ISRO's biggestrocket, GSLV Mk III. As we reach the equatorial orbit, we willbe greeted by Astrosat. 
• India’s first multi-wavelength space observatory,dedicated for research on neutron stars and black holes. Going ahead, we'll find the clusters ofISAT & GSAT satellites, transmitting television channels, telecom and VSAT ATM connectivityacross India. 
• From here let's travel towards the moon. In 2009 just 100 km from Moon's surface Chandrayaan-1was orbiting, now we'll also find Chandrayaan-2 orbiter circling and therefore the remains of Chandrayaan-2Vikram lander, which travelled for over 383,000 kms, but only lost control just 2.1 Kms awayfrom the Lunar surface. 

• As even after failures one should never givesup, ISRO will again be back on Moon with Chandrayaan-3 mission, expected to launch in 2021. From moon, let's travel towards largest objectin our system, Sun.
•  we'll travel for 1.5 million kms from Earthand reach L1, where ISRO has planned Aditya-L1 mission, India's first solar mission. 
• From here let's visit Venus. ISRO's Venus orbiter mission, Shukrayaan-1,is planned to be launched after 2020. 
• returning closer to earth, ISRO has plannedIndia's first Human Spaceflight Programme, Gaganyaan, which can use a half humanoidcalled Vyommitra, which suggests an area Friend, rather than using animals like Laika dog, thefirst mammal in space, which was utilized in Sputnik 2. 

• Now let's move towards the Mars, Mars. Here we'll find ISRO's Mangalyaan, orbitingMars and taking images of a really large shield volcano, Olympus mons, whichis about two and a half times bigger than Everest. 
• Moreover within the future, ISRO has also plannedanother mission to Mars called Mangalyaan 2. As we are now distant from earth, watchingthe beauty and wonder of Mars, my mind goes back to the beginning of this journey. 
• How it all started about fifty-seven yearsago, by carrying rocket parts on a bicycle to ISRO now reaching Mars. Who knows what marvellous achievements nextfifty-seven years might bring. All I can this is often, ISRO's Business and Spaceempire.